A 2002 article from Geotimes that discusses the differing soil conditions found in Boston, and how geotechnical advances have kept pace with ever more complex construction projects.
A Master's degree thesis (MIT, 2006) by Tamar Shoham on problems posed by the decay of wooden pilings in Back Bay Boston. The thesis is available in a non-print, read-only format.
A brief description of the Great Meteor, or New England, Hotspot: a volcanic upwelling of magma that formed the White Mountains in New Hampshire and the New England Seamount chain. From the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.
Peter S. Rosen is the Dept. Chair and Associate Professor of Geology at Northeastern University. Many of his papers on the geology of Boston may be found online here.